Earthquake Preparedness: Vital information

The lithosphere is not a continuous layer. It is actually made up of giant puzzle pieces called tectonic plates (15 to 20 in number). They rest on the hot, molten rock of Earth’s mantle. Tectonic plates are constantly shifting as they drift around on the slowly flowing, mantle layer below. This non-stop movement causes stress on Earth’s crust. When the stresses get too large, it leads to cracks called faults. An earthquake is the sudden movement of Earth’s crust at a fault line.

(source : spaceplace.nasa.gov)

if indoor:-

• The most important thing is to stay calm
• Research has shown that most injuries occur when people inside buildings attempt to move to a different location inside the building or try to leave.
• DROP to the ground and take COVER (sturdy table/ bed/piece/with your arms and then find an inside corner of the building) and HOLD ON till the shaking stops.
• Though the safest place is an open space, away from buildings wait until the shaking has stopped.
• Stay in bed if you are there when the earthquake strikes. Hold on and protect your head with a pillow.
• Stay away from glass, windows and anything that could fall.
• If your pet struggles to get away or becomes aggressive, let them go and find safety on their own.
• Be prepared for aftershocks as these may strike.

if outdoor:-

• Most earthquake-related casualties result from collapsing walls, flying glass, and falling objects.
• Do not move from where you are. However, move away from buildings, trees, streetlights, and utility wires.

If in a moving vehicle:-

• Stop as quickly as safety permits and stay in the vehicle.
• Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses, and utility wires. Avoid roads, bridges, or ramps that might have been damaged by the earthquake.

If trapped under debris:-

• Do not light a match.  Do not move about or kick up dust.  Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.
• Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you.
• Use a whistle if one is available.
• Shout only as a last resort. Shouting can cause you to inhale dangerous amounts of dust.
• Try to send the message on the phone first, instead of repeated redialing. the call may not get connected due to congestion in the network (heavy traffic)